Note that in the same year, Camtel (CM, AS15964), the incumbent operator of Cameroon, and China Unicom (CH, AS9800) deployed the 5,900km South Atlantic Inter Link (SAIL), which links Fortaleza to Kribi (Cameroon) 17, but this cable was not yet lit as of March 2020. Figure 2 – This image shows the Angola Cables Network, which includes the SACS cable. 11, 7, 8 We summarize the contributions of our study, including our methodology, data collection and key findings. We presented our results at the Passive and Active Measurement Conference (PAM) 2020, where the work received the best paper award. In our paper, “Unintended consequences: Effects of submarine cable deployment on Internet routing”, we shed empirical light on this hypothesis, by investigating the operational impact of SACS on Internet routing. Most assume that the deployment of undersea cables between continents improves Internet performance between the two continents. SACS connects Angola in Africa to Brazil in South America. In mid-September 2018, Angola Cables (AC, AS37468) activated the SACS cable, the first trans-Atlantic cable traversing the Southern hemisphere 1. Although they carry more than 99% of international traffic, little academic research has occurred to isolate end-to-end performance changes induced by their launch. As of late 2020, over 400 submarine cables interconnect continents worldwide and constitute the oceanic backbone of the Internet. The underlying physical infrastructure of the Internet includes a mesh of submarine cables, generally shared by network operators who purchase capacity from the cable owners 2, 11. The network layer of the Internet routes packets regardless of the underlying communication media (Wifi, cellular telephony, satellites, or optical fiber). This submarine cable now connects Angola to Brazil.Ĭo-authored by CAIDA’s Roderick Fanou, Postdoctoral Scholar, Ricky Mok, Assistant Research Scientist, Bradley Huffaker, Technical Manager, and kc claffy, Founder and Director. Used International Bandwidth: Used international bandwidth connected to African countries quintupled between 20 to reach 38 Tbps in 2021.Figure 1 – This picture shows a line of floating buoys that designate the path of the long-awaited SACS (South-Atlantic Cable System). New Systems: Rising demand requirements are leading to a substantial increase in the fiber pair count per cable. Fully 80% of international bandwidth from African countries connects to facilities in Europe. Internet Capacity: Europe remains the dominant location for traffic exchange out of Africa. Broadband and mobile penetration rates for each country are also included on the main projection. Infographics on this map cover used bandwidth, internet capacity, pricing trends, and content provider investment in both cable systems and cloud data centers. The Africa Telecommunications Map depicts 71 cable systems connected to Africa that are currently active or under construction. By 2017, content providers had surpassed internet backbone providers as the largest users of international capacity.įiber Pairs: In the Atlantic, rising demand requirements are leading to a substantial increase in the fiber pair count per cable. Geographic Scope: New subsea cables have been deployed across nearly every global route grouping, and every single route is likely to gain more new systems in the coming three years.Ĭontent Providers Using Capacity: Content providers’ international bandwidth growth has outpaced that of all other customers in recent years. Subsea cable spending is projected to be even stronger over the next couple of years. The 2022 Submarine Cable Map depicts 486 cable systems and 1,306 landings that are currently active or under construction.Ĭonstruction Costs: Despite delays associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, new system spend rebounded in 2020 to $2.7 billion. Sponsored by the team at Telecom Egypt, these designs reveal new cables, landing stations, construction stats, international bandwidth figures, and lots more. TeleGeography and Telecom Egypt have announced the launch of the 2022 Submarine Cable Map along with the Africa Telecommunications Map.
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